青海高原农牧业在农业现代化战略推动下加快向机械化、数字化、智能化转型，但独特的地理生态和社会环境使智能农牧机器人应用面临突出挑战。本文在梳理相关政策与发展基础的基础上，分析青海农牧业智能化需求，概括国内外农牧机器人发展及典型技术应用，归纳高原环境、技术适配、人才与基础设施等主要瓶颈，据此构建适用于高原的农牧机器人关键技术体系，包括环境感知、智能决策、自主学习与人机协同等模块，并提出具身交互、可学习机器人体系构想。通过对比美、德、日智能农机实践，为青海高原农牧机器人发展提供借鉴，并从政策支持、产学研协同、人才培养和共享服务模式等方面提出对策。

Guided by China’s agricultural modernization strategy, agriculture and animal husbandry on the Qinghai Plateau are rapidly moving toward mechanization, digitization, and intelligence, yet the region’s unique ecological and socio-economic conditions pose distinct challenges for intelligent agro-pastoral robots. This paper reviews relevant policies and current developments, analyzes the drivers of agro-pastoral intelligence in Qinghai, and summarizes domestic and international progress in agricultural and pastoral robots, highlighting differences in typical applications. It identifies key bottlenecks in plateau environments, technology adaptation, talent, and infrastructure, and proposes a plateau-oriented technology system integrating environmental perception, intelligent computing, autonomous learning, and human–robot interaction, together with a framework for embodied, learnable robots that adapt through continuous human–environment interaction. Comparative cases from the United States, Germany, and Japan inform strategies in policy support, industry–academia–research collaboration, talent training, and shared service models, providing guidance for smart agriculture and ecological animal husbandry in plateau regions.