It is intrinsic requirements for modernizing social governance to advance the digital transformation of mobile population management and to establish an intelligent governance model aligned with the digital society. Within the theoretical framework of intelligent governance, digitally empowered governance of the mobile population is driven by digital technologies, utilizes intelligent governance platforms as fundamental tools, prioritizes public participation, and restructures police workflows. Current applications of intelligent governance for the mobile population face challenges such as the digital divide, barriers to adoption, and insufficient integration. To address these, existing governance models should be optimized and upgraded by enhancing governance effectiveness, legitimacy of enforcement, and procedural interoperability. The goal is to construct a digital, intelligent governance framework for mobile population characterized by multi-stakeholder involvement, collaborative governance, and a people-centered approach, thereby effectively enhancing fundamental governance capabilities and service levels.