随着我国城市化进程加速与地下空间开发需求增长，盾构机作为隧道施工的核心装备，其技术创新与知识产权保护已成为行业竞争焦点。本文基于专利情报分析、自然语言处理与知识图谱构建等案例，系统探讨了盾构机领域情报建设、知识产权布局与知识管理的融合机制。研究表明：（1）专利情报是技术竞争态势研判与研发方向规划的核心依据；（2）知识图谱技术可实现非结构化维护知识的数字化重构，支撑智能决策；（3）智能感知技术专利布局凸显技术热点与空白点。最终提出以“数据驱动—知识融合—智能应用”为主线的盾构机知识产权与知识管理一体化框架，为行业技术创新与战略布局提供理论参考。

With the acceleration of China’s urbanization and the growing demand for underground space development, TBM, as a core equipment for tunnel construction, has seen its technological innovation and intellectual property protection become focal points of industry competition. Based on case studies involving patent information analysis, natural language processing, and knowledge graph construction, this paper systematically explores the integration mechanisms of information construction, intellectual property layout, and knowledge management in the TBM field. The research indicates that: (1) patent intelligence serves as a core basis for assessing technological competition trends and planning research and development directions; (2) knowledge graph technology enables the digital reconstruction of unstructured maintenance knowledge, supporting intelligent decision-making; and (3) the patent layout of intelligent sensing technology highlights technological hotspots and gaps. Finally, a comprehensive framework for intellectual property and knowledge management in TBMs, centered on the theme of “data-driven, knowledge-integrated, intelligent application,” is proposed to provide theoretical references for technological innovation and strategic planning in the industry.