在全球产业链重构与国内“十五五”规划推进的双重背景下，打造世界级产业集群成为上海提升全球产业竞争力、引领新质生产力发展的核心任务。本文从产业集群基本理论入手，系统梳理世界级产业集群的内涵特征，分析上海打造世界级产业集群的基础条件，从实施梯度培育、深化科创与产业融合、培育一流企业、深化区域协同四大维度，提出可落地的路径方案，并建议从强化政策协同、提升治理效能、防范风险三个方面保障上海产业集群从规模领先向质量引领跨越，最终建成具有全球话语权的世界级产业集群。

During global industrial chain restructuring and the advancement of China’s 15th Five-Year Plan, building world class industrial clusters has become a core task for Shanghai to enhance its global industrial competitiveness and lead the development of new-quality productive forces. Starting from the basic theory of industrial clusters, this paper systematically sorts out the connotation and characteristics of world-class industrial clusters, analyzes Shanghai’s foundational conditions for building such clusters, and proposes implementable path plans from four dimensions: implementing gradient cultivation, deepening the integration of scientific and technological innovation with industrial innovation, fostering first class enterprises, and advancing regional collaboration. Furthermore, it suggests safeguarding Shanghai’s industrial clusters to leap from scale leadership to quality leadership by strengthening policy coordination, improving governance efficiency, and preventing risks, ultimately building world-class industrial clusters with global discourse power.