本文以南阳市“十五五”发展阶段为时间载体，聚焦高科技发展与产业化落地双重视角，探究地方科技体制改革与治理能力优化路径。立足于南阳省域副中心城市建设现状，客观梳理科创发展外部环境，系统归纳创新体系薄弱、成果转化不畅、治理机制不完善等现实痛点。结合南阳产业禀赋，针对性提出创新搭建、转化优化、治理升级三类实操对策，旨在完善本地科创运行体系，推动高新技术与本土产业深度融合，为南阳市科技经济协同高质量发展提供优化思路。

Taking the 15th Five-Year Plan development stage of Nanyang City as the time framework, this paper focuses on the dual perspectives of high-tech development and industrialization implementation to explore the optimization paths of local scientific and technological system reform and governance capacity. Based on the current situation of Nanyang’s construction as a provincial sub-central city, it objectively sorts out the external environment of scientific and technological innovation development, and systematically summarizes practical bottlenecks including a weak innovation system, poor transformation of scientific and technological achievements, and imperfect governance mechanisms. Combined with the industrial endowments of Nanyang, it puts forward targeted practical countermeasures covering innovation platform construction, achievement transformation optimization and governance upgrading. The study aims to improve the local operation system of scientific and technological innovation, promote the in-depth integration of high and new technologies with local industries, and provide optimized ideas for the coordinated high-quality development of science, technology and economy in Nanyang City.