为提升科技成果转化效率并降低权属争议风险，从专利检索、成果台账、权属确认和合同前置管理入手，分析知识产权布局滞后、保护范围不足、价值评估依据不充分等问题。研究认为，构建“一库两图三清单五节点”知识产权前置布局机制，可将方向筛选、成果识别、权属划分和转化约定嵌入研发全过程，增强成果可交易性。建议在研发关键节点同步推进知识产权管理。

To improve commercialization efficiency and reduce ownership disputes, this study examines delayed IP planning, insufficient protection scope and weak value assessment from patent search, achievement ledger, ownership confirmation and pre-contract management. It proposes a “one database, two maps, three lists and five nodes” mechanism that embeds R&D screening, achievement identification, ownership division and commercialization agreements into the whole R&D process, thereby improving marketability. IP management should be advanced during project initiation, R&D, pilot testing, filing and commercialization negotiation.