随着科技商学院由少数高校探索转向多主体扩散，其发展重点也由组织合法性论证转向类型定位选择与持续能力形成。本文采用文献分析、功能比较与规范分析，在既有科技商学院和科技转化经理人研究基础上，依据组织对象与创新使命，将科技商学院划分为科技成果转化型、产业创新组织型和科技企业发展型三类，并提出“使命—资源—能力”一致性分析框架。研究认为，三类科技商学院分别回应了科技成果进入产业、创新主体持续协同和科技企业成长问题；其类型选择应与高校可持续调动的科研、企业、平台和区域资源相适配，并通过跨组织授权、专业团队、稳定运行机制、分类评价和知识积累来转化为组织能力。科技商学院高质量发展的关键不在于统一模板和功能扩张，而在于围绕特定创新任务形成使命、资源与组织能力的动态适配关系。
With the emergence of technology business schools as a new organizational phenomenon in universities
and innovation ecosystems, their development has shifted from justifying organizational legitimacy to establishing
differentiated positioning and sustainable capabilities. Based on literature analysis, functional comparison, and
conceptual analysis, this study proposes a typology of technology business schools according to their primary
innovation missions and organizational objects. Three types are identified: technology commercialization-oriented,
industrial innovation organization-oriented, and technology enterprise development-oriented technology business
schools. The study further develops a “mission–resource–capability” framework to explain how different types
of technology business schools achieve organizational fit. It argues that technology commercialization-oriented
schools focus on organizing the transition of scientific and technological achievements into industrial applications;
industrial innovation organization-oriented schools aim to enhance coordination among innovation actors; and
technology enterprise development-oriented schools support the growth and management of technology-based firms.
The effectiveness of technology business schools depends not on adopting a unified model, but on aligning their
missions with available resources and building organizational capabilities for resource integration, cross-boundary
collaboration, and knowledge accumulation. This study provides a conceptual framework for understanding the
evolution of technology business schools and offers implications for universities and innovation organizations seeking
new approaches to integrating knowledge creation with value realization.
