This paper delves into the pivotal role of new-quality productivity in driving the high-quality development of Heze’s county-level economy. By analyzing the theoretical connotations, characteristics, and applications of new-quality productivity in county-level economies, it systematically evaluates the current economic landscape of Heze, identifies core challenges such as technological lag, talent shortages, and structural imbalances, and proposes comprehensive strategies encompassing technological innovation, industrial upgrading, talent cultivation, and policy optimization. Combining big data analysis, case studies, and a scientific evaluation framework, the research offers actionable recommendations to enhance Heze’s economic resilience and competitiveness. It provides replicable development models for Heze and other county-level economies, assist in the comprehensive realization of the national innovation driven development strateg.