With the acceleration of global economic integration, the logistics industry, as an important pillar of the modern economy, has its operational efficiency directly affecting the competitiveness of the entire supply chain. Traditional logistics management models show obvious inadequacies when facing challenges such as massive data processing, complex route optimization, and real-time scheduling. Big data technology, with its powerful capabilities in data collection, storage, analysis, and mining, provides new technological pathways for the transformation and upgrading of the logistics industry. Through the application of machine learning algorithms, data mining technologies, and artificial intelligence algorithms, logistics enterprises can achieve precise demand forecasting, optimized transportation routes, and intelligent warehouse management, thereby significantly improving operational efficiency, reducing costs, and enhancing market competitiveness.