As a key field of carbon emissions, the building industry plays a crucial role in achieving the “dual carbon”goals through emission reduction. Taking Shanxi Province as the research object, characteristics of carbon emissions, and explores emission reduction paths were analyzed. The results showed that: indirect carbon emissions account for more than 95%, with the industrial sector contributing 80%; although the carbon emission intensity has decreased by more than 78%, it is still higher than the national average. Based on these findings, paths such as full life-cycle low-carbon design, low-carbon transformation of building materials production, and “electrification + green energy” in the construction phase are proposed. This study provides a basis for formulating building emission reduction policies in Shanxi Province and a reference for related research in central and western regions.