Artificial intelligence (AI) technology has played a pivotal role in upgrading of supply chains. This paper investigates the application value of AI: the enhancement of efficiency, network, and resilience effects. Underdeveloped technical foundations, suboptimal data quality and the lack of security accountability entities have constrained the driving efficacy of AI. The study reveals that multi-stakeholder collaboration, refining the fiscal support, deepening data security, and promoting innovations in interdisciplinary talent cultivation could be the driving potential of AI in the digital and intelligent transformation of supply chains.