Under the Belt and Road Initiative, distinctive industrial clusters and cross-border cooperation networks have gradually taken shape. However, at this stage, Guizhou’s agriculture faces issues such as insufficient processing capacity and poor adaptability to international rules, which hinder the export of agricultural products. Therefore, in response to the challenges in the international development of Guizhou’s agricultural industry, two innovative approaches have been summarized: strengthening standard certification to promote international development and establishing free trade zones to break down cooperation barriers. Through these innovative approaches, the comprehensive benefits of agriculture can be enhanced, and international cooperation mechanisms can be improved. Ultimately, this will achieve a deep integration of high-quality agricultural development with the Belt and Road Initiative.