Cosmic dust is a key material connecting stellar evolution, planetary formation, and the evolution of the interstellar medium. Benefiting from the motion of the solar system relative to the local interstellar cloud, several deep-space exploration missions have achieved in-situ detection of interstellar dust. Impact ionization detectors such as those on Helios, Ulysses, Galileo, and Cassini, along with the Stardust sample return mission, have made significant progress in analyzing the dynamical characteristics and composition of particles, initially revealing the mass distribution, radiation pressure response, and material composition of interstellar dust. However, due to limitations in orbital configuration, detection geometry, instrument performance, and dynamic filtering effects, significant uncertainties remain in existing observations regarding the particle size range, compositional completeness, and understanding of internal structure, requiring further breakthroughs.