This study takes the research and development of mass flowmeters as a case, focusing on the core issue of transforming innovation achievements of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) into high-value patent portfolios. By reviewing the theory and research status of high-value patent portfolios, and addressing the common pain points of SMEs in patent management such as strategic ambiguity, weak teams, and scattered layouts, this study deeply analyzes the technological trends and global patent layout characteristics of Coriolis mass flowmeters, constructs a cultivation path for high-value patent portfolios, and verifies its feasibility. The research shows that this path can effectively integrate the limited resources of SMEs, achieve a shift from “quantity accumulation” to “quality improvement” in patents, and provide reproducible methodology and practical references for SMEs to rely on core technologies to build high-value patent portfolios and enhance market competitiveness.