The U.S.intellectual property protection system is grounded in common law, integrating statutory law and case law.Its punitive damages system, based on the principle of compensation, serves the functions of indemnification, deterrence and prevention,with infringement findings focusing on the examination of subjective fault. Chinese enterprises expanding into the U.S.are confronted with multiple intellectual property risk control challenges, including misunderstandings of the applicable elements of punitive damages, inadequate prior risk identification and assessment, and insufficient litigation response and evidenceproviding capacity. By analyzing the core features of the U.S.intellectual property protection system and punitive damages regime,and combining the risk control dilemmas faced by overseas enterprises, we can draw on its infringement determination logic to improve risk control prediction, refer to punitive damages rules to clarify behavioral boundaries, and absorb judicial practice experience to optimize response strategies, so as to support Chinese enterprises in avoiding intellectual property risks when operating in the United States.