Promoting the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation is a key task in cultivating new-quality productivity and enhancing regional competitiveness. The “unveiling the list and appointing the leader” mechanism, as a key innovation in the reform of the science and technology system, provides a new path for the transformation of scientific research results and the development of industrial technologies. Mianyang has innovatively implemented the “two-way unveiling and appointing the leader” mechanism, exploring a new model for the coordinated development of science and technology and industry through the two-way connection between corporate demand and scientific research supply. This article reviews the main practices and achievements of this mechanism, analyzes its problems in institutional design, organizational implementation, and resource allocation, and proposes optimization suggestions from the aspects of improving institutional design, strengthening factor guarantees, and improving incentive mechanisms, in order to provide reference for the reform of the science and technology system and regional integrated development.