This paper systematically analyzes the connotation of new quality productive forces and the new requirements they pose for vocational education, exploring the transformation direction of higher vocational college libraries in this context. Research indicates that new quality productive forces are driving vocational education to shift its training objectives from cultivating traditional skilled workers to developing digital skills talent. The teaching mode is evolving from a simple “online + offline” combination towards a deep integration characterized by “virtual-real symbiosis and learning-doing integration.” Furthermore, the industry-education relationship is progressing from one-way knowledge transfer to two-way empowerment and collaborative innovation. Against this backdrop, higher vocational libraries should transform from “knowledge warehouses” to “digital literacy incubators,” from “resource centers” to “smart teaching engines,” and from “information intermediaries” to “knowledge value-added hubs.” By constructing a digital competence training system, developing an intelligent teaching support system, and building a school-enterprise knowledge sharing platform, vocational college libraries can better meet the requirements of the era of new-quality productive forces and provide strong support for the high-quality development of vocational education.