In response to changes in the global technological competitive landscape, China has continued to reform its science and technology management system, with scientific research institutions evolving towards innovation oriented mechanisms and structures. At the same time, with the rapid growth in research projects, issues in the management of research funding have become increasingly apparent. These include a lack of awareness regarding end to-end management of research funds, information asymmetry in budget management, and a weak sense of financial accountability among researchers. These factors have placed higher demands on the efficiency of research fund utilisation and the standard of financial oversight within scientific research institutions. From the perspective of financial and accounting oversight, and drawing on the practical experience of J Research Institute, this paper examines the development of a full-lifecycle management system. It further explores models for the supervision of research funding, elucidates the significance of financial and accounting oversight in the full-lifecycle management of project funds, and highlights the empowering effect of such oversight on research funding.