Against the background of intensified global high-tech industry competition, overseas intellectual property infringement risks have become a core obstacle restricting the industrialization of achievements for China’s high-tech foreign trade enterprises. Combined with foreign-related dispute practices and foreign trade industry data, this paper sorts out the industrial characteristics and causes of risks, analyzes the practical shortcomings of market supervision, and proposes regulatory paths adapted to high-tech industrialization. The study finds that infringement risks of high-tech foreign trade enterprises show the characteristics of industrial agglomeration and technology targeting, with core causes being the disconnection between industrialization and intellectual property layout, and insufficient industrial-oriented supervision services. Market supervision departments should build an escort system of “early warning, collaborative disposal and closed-loop guarantee” to help high tech enterprises stabilize exports and promote industrialization, and ensure industrial chain security.