Building a strong country in science and technology requires not only research outputs, but also the ability to move them into engineering systems, industrial settings and business organizations. As China’s university technology transfer reform shifts from institutional change and platform building toward capability building, the main bottleneck is increasingly the shortage of interdisciplinary talent and whole-process organizational capacity. Using literature analysis, functional comparison and typical-case analysis, this article defines Technology Business Schools as hybrid organizations integrating education with transformation platforms. Their central task is to train technology transformation managers through real projects, multi-mentor collaboration, platform embedding and case-based learning.