The reform of research achievement evaluation is a core part of new-era educational evaluation reform. This paper selects four private undergraduate universities in Guangxi as samples and sorts out their existing research assessment systems through text analysis. It finds that local private universities face multiple dilemmas:heavy reliance on quantitative evaluation, underdeveloped classified and qualitative evaluation systems, undifferentiated assessment cycles across disciplines, administration-led evaluation, and weak discourse of academic communities. These problems arise from the imbalance between instrumental and value rationality, internal conflicts between survival assessment pressure and connotative development needs, and the mutual reinforcement of institutional isomorphism and path dependence. Therefore,private universities in Guangxi should establish classified evaluation frameworks, optimize long-cycle assessment mechanisms, build academic evaluation communities, broaden evaluation dimensions for research outputs, and pursue differentiated development based on private school features, shifting research evaluation from blind pursuit of figures to value regression.