Industry-university-research collaborative innovation serves as a core driving force for boosting high-quality regional economic development. Nevertheless, two prevalent practical bottlenecks remain widespread: difficulties in the industrialization of university scientific research achievements and poor connection between enterprises’ technical demands and academic resources. Taking the practice of industry-university-research collaborative innovation in Tai’an City as the research subject, this paper focuses on the bottlenecks restricting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements from local universities stationed in Tai’an. It sorts out the current status of local collaborative development, explores the internal root causes of existing problems, and constructs an integrated implementation path for coordinated development covering universities, industrial parks and local industries. This study proposes to reshape the logic of cooperation guided by industrial demands, build hubs for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements relying on industrial parks, and stimulate the innovative vitality of talents through institutional reform, so as to form a closed-loop collaborative innovation ecosystem characterized by “enterprises putting forward demands, universities conducting research and development, industrial parks providing support, and markets conducting effect verification”.