Amid the global transition to low-carbon energy, hydrogen has emerged as a critical focus for green economic development. This paper proposes a digital risk management framework for the entire hydrogen supply chain, leveraging large-scale modeling algorithms. Drawing on the China Hydrogen Energy Development Report (2025), the study analyzes four segments in Foshan: production, storage and transportation, refueling, and applications. It identifies key challenges, including data fragmentation, delayed risk warnings, and insufficient cross-regional coordination. To address these issues, a three-tier system is proposed, comprising data resources, model computation, and implementation layers. The framework incorporates measures such as low-carbon production processes, continuous safety monitoring, intelligent deployment of 176 refueling stations, and 21 demonstration scenarios. The findings provide valuable guidance for advancing Foshan’s zero-carbon industrial development.