本文以自然资源领域的41位中国科学院和中国工程院院士为研究对象，采用履历分析法，从年龄结构、空间分布、教育背景与学科构成四个维度分析其群体特征。研究发现，院士群体老龄化问题突出，80岁以上院士占比高达56.1%，人才梯队代际更替面临挑战；在空间分布上，院士出生地域呈东部沿海导向性（江浙两省合计占比达31.7%），工作单位则高度集聚于北京（占比56.1%）；教育背景方面，获得博士学位的院士占比为65.9%，地质类院校和科研机构是培养主力，且超过90%的院士具有海外学术经历，国际化培养特征显著；学科分布集中于地学部（36.6%）和能源与矿业工程学部（22.0%），传统优势学科积累雄厚，但在交叉前沿领域力量相对薄弱。基于上述发现，本文从实施梯次化人才战略、优化学科布局、推动区域协调发展、深化国际合作等方面提出对策建议，以期为完善自然资源领域高层次科技人才政策提供参考和建议。

This paper takes 41 academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Chinese Academy of Engineering in the natural resources system as the research objects, and uses the resume analysis method to analyze their group characteristics from four dimensions: age structure, spatial distribution, educational background and disciplinary composition. Research has found that the aging problem of the academician group is severe, with the proportion of academicians over 80 years old reaching as high as 56.1%, and the generational replacement of the talent echelon is facing challenges. In terms of spatial distribution, the birth areas of academicians show a tendency towards the eastern coastal regions (with Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces accounting for a combined 31.7%), and their working units are highly concentrated in Beijing (accounting for 56.1%). In terms of educational background, 65.9% of the academicians have obtained doctoral degrees. Geological colleges and research institutions are the main force in training, and over 90% of the academicians have overseas academic experience, demonstrating a significant internationalized training feature. The discipline distribution is concentrated in the School of Earth Sciences (36.6%) and the School of Energy and Mining Engineering (22.0%). The traditional advantageous disciplines have accumulated strongly, but the strength in the cross-disciplinary frontier fields is relatively weak. Based on the above findings, this paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions from aspects such as implementing a tiered talent strategy, optimizing the discipline layout, promoting coordinated regional development, and deepening international cooperation, with the aim of providing references and suggestions for improving the high-level scientific and technological talent policies of the natural resources department.