2026年是“地洼学说”创立70周年。这一由中国科学院院士陈国达原创提出的大地构造理论，是中国地质学家对世界地学界的重要原创贡献。本文以中国科学院档案馆所藏陈国达院士著名人物档案为研究对象，通过对手稿、信件、著作、新闻报道等原始材料的整理与分析，从“艰苦奋斗、科学报国”“学识广博、涉猎广泛”“高情远致、淡泊名利”三个维度，系统梳理陈国达院士在创立与发展地洼学说过程中所体现的科学家精神。研究表明，地洼学说的诞生与发展，既是陈国达个人学术追求的结晶，也是中国科学家精神在特定历史时期的集中体现。在新时代弘扬科学家精神的进程中，陈国达院士的学术成长历程具有重要的启示意义。

The year 2026 marks the 70th anniversary of the establishment of the“Diwa Theory” (Theory of Polycyclic Geotectonics with a Geodepression Stage). This geotectonic theory, originally proposed by Chen Guoda, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, represents an important original contribution by Chinese geologists to the world of geoscience. This paper takes the renowned archival materials of Academician Chen Guoda housed in the Archives of the Chinese Academy of Sciences as the research object. Through the collation and analysis of primary sources such as manuscripts, letters, publications, and news reports, this study systematically examines the scientific spirit embodied by Academician Chen Guoda during the establishment and development of the Theory of Polygonal Structures from three dimensions: “working hard under difficult conditions to serve the nation through science,” “extensive knowledge and broad-ranging interests,” and “lofty ideals, detachment from fame and wealth.” The research shows that the birth and development of the Theory of Polygonal Structures is not only the fruit of Chen Guoda’s personal academic pursuit but also a concentrated reflection of the spirit of Chinese scientists in a specific historical period. In the process of promoting the spirit of scientists in the new era, the academic growth journey of Academician Chen Guoda holds significant inspirational value.