2025年7月，美国政府发布《赢得竞赛：美国AI行动计划》（Winning the Race: America’s AI Action Plan），标志着美国 AI 政策重心从“风险治理”向“竞争优先”转变。本研究针对该计划的出台背景、主要内容、潜在风险等进行了系统分析，同时将其与欧盟及中国的AI治理方案进行了比较。研究认为，这种转向既给我国带来了直接的竞争压力，也为我国AI战略的完善提供了重要借鉴。结合我国AI产业发展的实际情况，建议在顶层设计、基础设施、创新生态、治理机制、国际合作等五个方面发力，以应对美国AI战略转向给全球AI治理格局带来的冲击。

In July 2025, the U.S. government issued Winning the Race: America’s AI Action Plan, marking a shift in the focus of U.S. AI policy from “risk governance” to “competition priority.” This study conducts a systematic analysis of the plan’s background, core provisions, and potential risks, while comparing it with the AI governance frameworks of the European Union (EU) and China. The research argues that this shift not only imposes direct competitive pressures on China but also provides valuable references for the refinement of China’s AI strategy. Based on the actual development of China’s AI industry, it is recommended to make efforts in five dimensions: top-level design, infrastructure, innovation ecosystem, governance mechanisms, and international cooperation, so as to mitigate the impact of the U.S. AI strategy shift on the global AI governance landscape.