科技成果转化是连接科技创新与经济社会发展的关键环节。传统的线性转化模式难以应对当前创新活动的复杂性与不确定性，亟需从生态系统的视角进行重构。本文基于区域创新生态系统理论，揭示了生态系统与成果转化的内在耦合机理。进而，选取北京中关村和深圳南山区作为典型案例，对比分析了“高校院所引领型”与“市场需求牵引型”两种典型转化模式。最后，从主体协同、链条贯通、要素耦合、数字赋能及生态网络韧性五个维度，系统构建了提升科技成果转化效能的实践路径。

The transformation of technological achievements is a key link connecting technological innovation with economic and social development. The traditional linear transformation model is difficult to cope with the complexity and uncertainty of current innovation activities, and urgently needs to be reconstructed from the perspective of ecosystems. This article is based on the theory of regional innovation ecosystem and reveals the inherent coupling mechanism between ecosystem and achievement transformation. Furthermore, Beijing Zhongguancun and Shenzhen Nanshan District were selected as typical cases to compare and analyze the two typical transformation models of “university institution led” and “market demand driven”. Finally, a practical path for improving the efficiency of scientific and technological achievements transformation has been systematically constructed from five dimensions: subject collaboration, chain connection, element coupling, digital empowerment, and ecological network resilience.